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Roger wrote this piece when I mentioned I was looking at the case. It may sound similar to the article I wrote, but it covers some areas that I did not bother to look into. - Tim
This evening is described in SOBEPS VOB1 pages 173-186 and 363-395.
At about 23 H (11 pm) the gendarmes from Wavre , being at Ramillies see in the sky bright lights forming a big triangle and small triangles, eight lights. They take contact with the Belgian military radar center CRC from Glons. The CRC detected only one radar echo at 10000 feet. The decision to send the F16 was not decided at this moment.
Observations by the gendarmes
Later this night the gendarmes continue to see the lights changing various ways, white, yellow, green, or blue and red. These colours variations , a few seconds, where accompanied from variations of the brilliance.
The description made by the gendarmes from apparent move on fixed places, “jerky moves around a mean ( medium) position” and the change in colours , much perceptible for the lights situated at 15° height then for those situated more than 40° above the horizon . This jerky move around a medium position on a black sky is due to the eyes movements of the observer.
Indeed, the eye is constantly moving so the image of a fixed point form on different point of the retina. This give the impression of a move around a fixed point.
These light variations clearly identify stars in particular meteorological circumstances, clear sky with atmospheric turbulences and humidity of the air with fine veils of clouds invisible to naked eyes.
An astronomical software shows that , during the gendarmes observations, at SW could be seen bright stars with magnitude below 2., and descending to (- 2,2) for Jupiter the brighter light in the sky this evening. Sirius was low on the horizon, Procyon, Rigel, Betelgeuse , Castor and Pollux, Capella.
You must note that three non-aligned points form always a triangle and, with the stars on view it was a possibility to see different triangles.
Later in the evening the gendarmes say that when the F16 were passing in the vicinity of the light , the light seemed to change place and then come again at his initial place when the planes were far away from the light. This can be explained easily: An optical illusion appears when a plane seen by his lights passes close to a star. The stars seem to move so long the plane is between them or close to them. Then, when the plane goes away the stars seem to come again at their initial place. This sort of move is described by the gendarmes when the F16 where passing closer to the lights. It is the correct description of one very few known optical illusion. This illusion is explained when the witness look the plane as reference point. The apparent distance from star to the plane seem to decrease and to approach the reference point, then when the plane goes away the star seem to came at his initial point ( point that never changed) because the star anew become the reference point.
Observations of the F16s
At 0h15, following the radar observation from Glons , an abnormal spot always at 10000 feet in the area of Wavre, two F16 take off from Beauvechain. They could not observe something but they registered radar contact with abnormal data, supersonic speeds and big apparent accelerations. The radars of Glons and Semmerzaeke were only detecting the same spot at 10000 feet high when the gendarmes continued to describe bright objects placed in triangle. At the same time the F16 did detect nothing at the place indicated by the gendarmes.
At the end of May 1990 the Belgian air force send to the Sobeps that edit it the “Lambrechts report”.
What can we learn from this report: “this evening the radar from Glons detected one contact. Two F16 were send in the area, they registered abnormal radar contact but did not see something. The gendarmes on ground could not take pictures.
One registered contact by the F16 seems to show an acceleration of 22G. We will explain this later. No supersonic bang was heard by the gendarmes. Fantastic accelerations seemed to be detected; the speed of the “ufo” change from 280km/h to 1800 km/h in a few seconds and extremely quick vertical moves.
Following the wing meteo there was this evening temperature inversion close to the ground and at 3000 feet too. There was also violent wind, 50 to 60 knots, at 10000 feet. These atmospheric situation could probably explain these abnormal data.
Another radar property can also explain the abnormal data. We will detail this later.
A second spot radar is detected at 0h32 by Glons and Semmerzaeke , military radars, an engine that fly from the neighbourhood of Beauvechain in direction of Liege at about 900 km/h., but is not detected by the civilian radars from Bertem and Maastricht. Bertem is the Brussels airport radar and is very close from Wavre, so it is intriguing he did not detect something in his area. The spot disappear at 2000 m high at a position close from Bierset military airport near Liège
What is intriguing is that the f16 did not detect this engine and are not send to identify it. They were close to this engine. As Glons is part of the NADGE (Nato Air Defense Ground Environnement), his mission is to detect all engines flying above Belgium and to identify them. If it is an enemy he must send the F16 to intercept it or to destroy it. This was not done. Why?
What must we retain from these observations:
Apparently the F16 radars detected vertical moves with very high speed and enormous accelerations. Are these data linked to real moves or to atmospheric phenomenon or artefact from the radar? We will explain this in a paragraph on “Some data on the radar from the F 16”.
Colonel De Brouwer (now retired as General), in the postface of the Sobepes book “ Vague d’ovnis sur la Belgique”, tome 1 do not exclude the possibility that unknown
planes were in our sky. He also think of magnetic perturbations, we were effectively in a period of very intensive activity from the Sun , at the peak of the solar cycle. The solar activity was very intense the whole week before 30 March 1990 with a very high number of solar spots and ejection from intense charged particles.
We must remark that, whatever the radar technology, there always subsist a percentage of false detections and not explainable detections. The origin may be very various, noise from the apparatus, birds, clouds, water vapour in air, atmospheric inversion, separation between cold and warm front. Echoes from fixed obstacle can also give abnormal detection.
Tropospheric and ionospheric reflections can also induce radar spots. And finally: for different types of radar, the elimination from echoes corresponding to fixed obstacles cannot be done totally.
Finally an internal report made by Colonel Salmon (major at this moment) and civil engineer Gilmard working for the “Center electronic of War” concluded that errors were made in interpreting the data: On the ten detections, three correspond to the second F16? The others are due to atmospheric inversions. The lights seen by the gendarmes were “stars”.
Mister Meessen, the only who could see the Salmon –Gilmard report, recognized the meteorological phenomenon and their influence on the radars.
The pilots , when questioned on these radar detection say that frequently, when they fly at 30000 feet in a clear sky, they observe regularly spots corresponding to apparently vertical moves with very high speed and that correspond to “Nothing”.
About the Lambrechts report
This report correspond to the night from 30 to 31 mars. He give the declarations from the gendarmes, the chronology from the radars contacts and the conversations between the pilots and the control tower on ground in Beauvechain. Then we find the length of the contacts and their transcription ;
See the table of contacts below.
We find a data indicating an acceleration of 22 G (G = 9,81 m/s²). At this moment the radar indicate a change in the speed from 150 knots to 560 knots in one second,
the plane is turning while his altitude stays at 6000 feet. See table of contact data on page 12.
Knot or nautical mile correspond to 1852 m. is used in aviation as speed unit by anglo-saxons. I do convert it in km/h to use the motions laws in m/s.
150 knots = 150 x 1,852 = 277,8 km/h => 77,166 m/s
560 knots = 560 x 1,852 = 1037,12 km/h=>288,09 m/s
The motion law of uniformly accelerated move (In french MRUA) is used by the Lambrechts report to calculate the acceleration
“a”.
This law: v = v0 + a*t gives: 288,09 =77,166 + a*1 . (V = vitesse can be replaced for USA by S = speed).
So “a” = 210,92 m/s² , thus 21, 5 G.
We cannot accept this value as real because the distance covered by the “engine” is not calculated with the second law of motion, the distance law:
e = v0 * t + ½ a * t²
What distance would have been covered in one second with this acceleration. The answer is :
e = 77,166* 1 + ½* 210,92 * 1² =182,626 m.
So in one second the engine if it is real could only cover 182,626 m. Why this distance was not calculated is not explained in the report.
You must know that the uniformly accelerated move laws are solutions from a system of two equations that are not independent.
v = v0 + a*t
e = v0 * t + ½ a * t².
In these equation you have five variable and distinct data. If you know three you can calculate the two others:
v0 ( initial speed), v (final speed) , a (acceleration), e (covered distance), t (length of time = duration).
If you have more than three variable , four in the case of the F16 you have different manner to calculate he fifth variable. But if the variables are not coherent you will find different results. In this case you cannot conclude. If the results give the same value to the different variable, then data are coherent and the result is correct.
In the case cited by the Lambrechts report this verification by the second law was not effective. We will demonstrate it. It is a very serious error in the use of the motions laws. So the fantastic acceleration indicated cannot be sure. Indeed if the data are not compatible the result will be erroneous.
If we consult the graph Fig 11 page 21 from the Meesen document “Analyse approfondie des mysterieux enregistrement radar des F16” (see next page), we see the speed passes from 150 knots to 560 knots and it is effectively a rectilinear vertical move, what justify the use of the two motions laws.
On the same fig 11 you see the altitude passes from 3000 to 7000 feet (follow the red line I added on this figure) If you know a foot, anglo saxon measure is 30, 48 cm you can calculate the altitude changes from 914 m to 2133,6 m . the theoretical distance covered is thus 1219,6 m. But the distance that could be calculated with the motions law is only 182,626 m.
This clearly demonstrate that the calculated acceleration 22 G does not correspond to a real object but is an artefact from the radar.
Follow the red line on this fig 11
We must remark this conclusion could have been found since the beginning if the laws had been correctly used.
We can also remark this figure shows another anomaly because at the end of the detection the speed would have been 1852 km/h at the altitude “ZERO” (Nul)
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Vague Belge: Fantastic accelerationsdon’t exist
The fantastic acceleration of 22 G is a false conclusion because one mistake has been done in the use of the motions laws.. What mistake is it?
The mistake is a bad use of the two formulas of rectilinear uniformly accelerated motion.
These laws, law of speed and law of distance are part of a two equations system with two unknown data.
There are five variable and distinct data. If you know three, you can calculate the two others.
In the case here, we have four distinct data and the acceleration seems to be the only thing you must calculate. So they did do only this calculation.
There lies the difficulty and they get caught in a trap. The calculated value must verify the second law of motion and this was not done.
We shall do this verification with the second law.
e = 77,166* 1 + ½* 210,92 * 1² =182,626 m. We are far from the fourth data, 1219,6 m.that can be found on the fig 11 from Meessen.
Conclusion:
The calculated acceleration do not verify the second law and therefore you must conclude the four data are incompatible and form a set of inconsistent data.
If the radar has a real contact it is evident the acceleration calculated with the law of speed will be coherent with the distance covered by the target. This data is unknown and you cannot verify the coherence of the data. But if the data are incoherent it is impossible to say there was a contact.
This show to us that the radar data are inconsistent at this moment and you cannot say an engine was detected. You cannot conclude that there was a fantastic acceleration of 22 G. Thus there was no fantastic acceleration, no supersonic speed, and consequently no supersonic bang.
Then why did the radar give these incoherent data?
Since 1992 different explanation were given.
First, the Gilmard-Salmon report (*) concluded that three of the observations were the second F16, that the abnormal echoes were due to abnormal atmospheric conditions. The bright lights seen from ground were stars very bright this evening. For the only radar echo detected from ground you must know that the pilots did see nothing at this place.
Professor Meessen recognized in VOB2 (second book from Sobeps) that the abnormal echoes were due to meteorological circumstances from very long duration.
A third explanation based on the properties from pulse radar Doppler can complete and explain entirely the observations.
I found it in a theory book on radars “ Radars, bases modernes” written by Michel Carpentier, engineer, general technical manager at “Thomson CSF”. This book was edited by “Masson editions” ,Paris, in 1981. You must know that Thomson CSF is a specialist firm for radars and equipped many Belgian and European airport. This book was used by the radarists at Zaventhem Brussels airport and I could read it.
Radar data
The pulse Doppler radar uses eight wave trains with 64 impulses at eight frequencies that are different each others from 100 hertz.
The observed phenomenon, echoes with very high speed, is a characteristic from the pulse Doppler radar and is related to his detection mode by correlation on quasi simultaneous impulses. They don’t are related to a real object and have not any signification.
I have read and studied this book that is used as reference book in many airports.
In this book you find:
On the radar, a bright spot is a detected echo and the move from the bright spot at each contact characterizes the move from the object if it is a real one. But the place of the bright spot depends on the emitted frequency. So, when the radar emit short pulses on different frequencies to have a more precise detection you can observe this phenomena :
if the frequency change during the time needed to determine the radial speed you obtain spots with very high speeds. These spots don’t correspond to a real object; they indicate the speed from the bright point move.
In the book, page 224, you find:
Lorsque le radar change de fréquence centrale d’émission pendant le temps nécessaire à la mesure de la vitesse radiale des cibles, on mesure surtout la vitesse avec laquelle le point brillant s’est déplacé pendant
le même temps, vitesse qui peut être énorme .
Translation:
When the radar change his central frequency during the time needed to measure the radial speed of the target, you measure the speed with whom the bright point moved during the same time, speed that can be very high.
This property explain the high speeds detected and the fantastic but not real accelerations because they don’t correspond to a real object. The F16 pilot’s recognize they often observe these spot during a few seconds but they don’t care of them. They say these spots are generally vertical and at very high speed. This seems a very good explanation for the phenomena.
So we must conclude: from the calculations and from the radar properties that the fantastic accelerations are inexistent. They were announced because the verification of the data coherence was not done. These false results were published by the Medias without verification and used by ufologist to say that extraterrestrial engine were here with fantastic properties.
Another report from the Belgian air force does the same mistake. This report, the Lambrechts report, may be found on internet.
Every time a fantastic acceleration is announced, it is always the result by use of the first law, law of speed, without verification of the compatibility of the data with the distance covered. But these data are not independent as I explained.
The assertions of fantastic accelerations in these cases of bad use of the laws of motion are without foundation. With them fall down completely the assertions of extraterrestrial engines and the assertions of technologies in great advance on the terrestrial technologies. The extraterrestrial hypothesis falls down.
References
(*)Etude Gilmard-Salmon : « Analyse 1. des observations, le radar F16 et résultats
du modèle », rapport interne d’une étude effectuée au centre de guerre électronique sous la direction du colonel Salmon, mai 1991.
L’étude Gilmard-Salmon : VOB2 p 2. 401
Tim Printy dans un article intitulé « 3. Belgium 1990 : « A Case for Radar-Visual UFOS » Signale que le radar du F16, AN/APG-66) a été upgradé en 1990 en la version AN/APG-66(V)2. Une des raisons invoquées était : « augmenter la performance opérationelle, incluant une capacité de repérage accrue et un pourcentage de fausses alarmes réduit.
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Nevertheless, it may help those who like calculations to understand why, when you have four data and that only three are needed to solve the problem, you must find the fourth data if the data are coherent. If the data are incoherent the four different manners to choose three inter four data to solve the problem conduct to solutions that are different each other. You never find in this case the fourth data.
Quelle: Roger Paquay / SUNlite 3/2012
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